How does a freight forwarder handle customs clearance?

A freight forwarder can handle customs clearance but it's often a separate billable service — not automatically included in basic freight forwarding. Make sure to confirm this in writing when getting quotes.

What a forwarder does at customs (when engaged for customs brokerage):

1. Reviews your commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading
2. Classifies your goods under the correct HS (Harmonized System) tariff code
3. Files the import declaration electronically with customs authorities
4. Calculates and pays import duty and GST/VAT on your behalf (reimbursed by you)
5. Responds to customs queries or requests for examination
6. Obtains the cargo release order and arranges delivery

Key distinction: Freight forwarder manages the transportation chain. Customs broker handles the regulatory clearance. Many forwarders offer both services, or partner with a licensed broker.

Cost: Customs brokerage typically costs $50–300 per shipment depending on complexity, plus government duties and taxes.

For India specifically, the documents required include the Bill of Entry, commercial invoice, packing list, Bill of Lading, and sometimes a certificate of origin or test reports.